1. B. Germany. The custom spread into the Anglo-American world from Prince Albert (consort of Queen Victoria), who was from Germany The Queen’s family started many new fashions in this way.
2. B. “Deck the Halls with Boughs of Holly.” A carol is a folk song (or at least, a song written in folk style), set to a dance meter. “Carol” was originally the name of the dance, not the song. Rudolph” is a pop song, “Joy to the world “ a hymn or psalm paraphrase, and “Silent Night” a religious art song. “Deck the halls’ is one of many secular carols.
3. Four: Jacob Marley, as well as the Ghosts of Christmas Past, Present, and Yet to Come.
4-6. C. Balthazar E. Caspar K. Melchior
7. A. 4th Century, Turkey. The real St. Nicholas was the Bishop of Myra, who attended the Council of Nicea and helped write the Nicene Creed. He was also rather well-to-do, and very generous. He like to help people in secret.
8. C. “Coming.” Advent is the time to prepare for the Savior’s coming.
9. As the carol says, “Our Saviour Christ and His Lady.”
10. B. The Grinch.
11-12. X = Glory; Y, Z = Peace, Goodwill
13-20. Dasher, Dancer, Prancer, Vixen, Comet, Cupid, Donner (orig. Dunder, then Donder), Blitzen (orig. Blixem).